As an important part of industrial cameras, photosensitive chips can be divided into CCD (charge coupled device) and CMOS (metal oxide semiconductor component) according to different production processes.Among them, CCD is often used in high-end technology, and CMOS is used in products with low impact on quality. Their main differences are as follows:

1. Imaging process  Since only one (or a few) output nodes of CCD are read out uniformly, the consistency of its signal output is very good; while in the CMOS chip, each pixel has its own signal amplifier, which each performs charge-voltage conversion, and the consistency of its signal output is poor.However, in order to read the entire image signal, CCD requires that the signal bandwidth of the output amplifier is wider. In CMOS chips, the bandwidth requirements of the amplifier in each cell are lower, which greatly reduces the power consumption of the chip. This is the main reason why the power consumption of the CMOS chip is lower than that of CCD.Despite the reduced power consumption, the inconsistency of millions of amplifiers brings higher fixed noise, which is an inherent disadvantage of CMOS over CCD.

2. Integrated CCD has a complex manufacturing process, and only outputs analog electrical signals, and requires subsequent decoders, analog converters, image signal processors, etc., with low integration.COMS can integrate signal amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters, etc. on a chip, with high integration and low cost.With the advancement of CMOS imaging technology, there will be more and more application scenarios for CMOS in the future.In the imaging process, since only one (or a few) output nodes are read out uniformly in the CCD, the consistency of its signal output is very good; while in the CMOS chip, each pixel has its own signal amplifier, which each performs charge-voltage conversion, and the consistency of its signal output is poor.However, in order to read the entire image signal, CCD requires that the signal bandwidth of the output amplifier is wider. In CMOS chips, the bandwidth requirements of the amplifier in each cell are lower, which greatly reduces the power consumption of the chip. This is the main reason why the power consumption of the CMOS chip is lower than that of CCD.Despite the reduced power consumption, the inconsistency of millions of amplifiers brings higher fixed noise, which is an inherent disadvantage of CMOS over CCD.

3. Output speed CCD uses photosensitive output one by one, and can only output according to the prescribed program, and the speed is slower.CMOS has multiple charge-voltage converters and row-to-sequence switch controls, and the readout speed is much faster. Most high-speed cameras above 500fps are CMOS cameras.In addition, the address gate switch of CMOS can be randomly sampled to realize sub-window output, and can obtain higher speeds when only sub-window images are output.

4. Noise CCD technology has developed earlier and is relatively mature. It uses PN junction or silicon dioxide (SiO2) isolation layer to isolate noise. The imaging quality has certain advantages over CMOS photoelectric sensors.